{"id":106,"date":"2012-07-25T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2012-07-25T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/empowernetwork.com\/rogako\/one-day-like-this-july-25\/"},"modified":"2012-07-25T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2012-07-25T00:00:00","slug":"one-day-like-this-july-25","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/empowernetwork.com\/rogako\/one-day-like-this-july-25\/","title":{"rendered":"One Day Like This: July 25"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">July 25 is the 206th day of the year (207th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 159 days remaining until the end of the year.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><strong>Events<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">285 \u2013 Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">306 \u2013 Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">315 \u2013 The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum at Rome to commemorate Constantine I\u2019s victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">864 \u2013 The Edict of Pistres of Charles the Bald orders defensive measures against the Viking.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1139 \u2013 Battle of Ourique: The Almoravids, led by Ali ibn Yusuf, are defeated by Prince Afonso Henriques.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1261 \u2013 The city of Constantinople is recaptured by Nicaean forces under the command of Alexios Strategopoulos, re-establishing the Byzantine Empire.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1536 \u2013 Sebasti\u00e1n de Belalc\u00e1zar on his search of El Dorado founds the city of Santiago de Cali.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1538 \u2013 The city of Guayaquil is founded by the Spanish Conquistador Francisco de Orellana and given the name Muy Noble y Muy Leal Ciudad de Santiago de Guayaquil.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1547 \u2013 Henry II of France is crowned.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1554 \u2013 Mary I marries Philip II of Spain at Winchester Cathedral<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1567 \u2013 Don Diego de Losada founds the city of Santiago de Leon de Caracas, modern-day Caracas, the capital city of Venezuela.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1593 \u2013 Henry IV of France publicly converts from Protestantism to Roman Catholicism.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1603 \u2013 James VI of Scotland is crowned as king of England (James I of England), bringing the Kingdom of England and Kingdom of Scotland into personal union. Political union would occur in 1707.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1609 \u2013 The English ship Sea Venture, en route to Virginia, is deliberately driven ashore during a storm at Bermuda to prevent its sinking; the survivors go on to found a new colony there.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1693 \u2013 Ignacio de Maya founds the Real Santiago de las Sabinas, now known as Sabinas Hidalgo, Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Mexico.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1722 \u2013 Dummer\u2019s War begins along the Maine-Massachusetts border.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1755 \u2013 British governor Charles Lawrence and the Nova Scotia Council order the deportation of the Acadians. Thousands of Acadians are sent to the British Colonies in America, France and England. Some later move to Louisiana, while others resettle in New Brunswick.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1758 \u2013 Seven Years\u2019 War: the island battery at Fortress Louisbourg in Nova Scotia is silenced and all French warships are destroyed or taken.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1759 \u2013 French and Indian War: in Western New York, British forces capture Fort Niagara from the French, who subsequently abandon Fort Rouill\u00e9.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1783 \u2013 American Revolutionary War: The war\u2019s last action, the Siege of Cuddalore, is ended by preliminary peace agreement.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1788 \u2013 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart completes his Symphony No. 40 in G minor (K550).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1792 \u2013 The Brunswick Manifesto is issued to the population of Paris, France promising vengeance if the French Royal Family is harmed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1795 \u2013 The first stone of the Pontcysyllte Aqueduct is laid.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1797 \u2013 Horatio Nelson loses more than 300 men and his right arm during the failed conquest attempt of Tenerife (Spain).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1799 \u2013 At Abu Qir in Egypt, Napoleon I of France defeats 10,000 Ottomans under Mustafa Pasha.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1814 \u2013 War of 1812: Battle of Lundy\u2019s Lane \u2013 reinforcements arrive near Niagara Falls for General Riall\u2019s British and Canadian forces and a bloody, all-night battle with Jacob Brown\u2019s Americans commences at 18.00; the Americans retreat to Fort Erie.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1824 \u2013 Costa Rica annexes Guanacaste from Nicaragua.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1837 \u2013 The first commercial use of an electrical telegraph is successfully demonstrated by William Cooke and Charles Wheatstone on July 25, 1837 between Euston and Camden Town in London.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1853 \u2013 Joaquin Murrieta, the famous Californio bandit known as \u201cRobin Hood of El Dorado\u201d, is killed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1861 \u2013 American Civil War: The United States Congress passes the Crittenden-Johnson Resolution, stating that the war is being fought to preserve the Union and not to end slavery.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1866 \u2013 The United States Congress passes legislation authorizing the five-star rank of General of the Army. Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant becomes the first to be promoted to this rank.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1868 \u2013 Wyoming becomes a United States territory.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1869 \u2013 The Japanese daimyo begin returning their land holdings to the emperor as part of the Meiji Restoration reforms. (Traditional Japanese Date: June 17, 1869).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1893 \u2013 The Corinth Canal in the Gulf of Corinth, Greece is used for the first time.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1894 \u2013 The First Sino-Japanese War begins when the Japanese fire upon a Chinese warship.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1898 \u2013 After over two months of sea-based bombardment, the United States invasion of Puerto Rico begins with U.S. troops led by General Nelson Miles landing at harbor of Gu\u00e1nica, Puerto Rico.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1908 \u2013 Ajinomoto is founded. Kikunae Ikeda of the Tokyo Imperial University discovers that a key ingredient in kombu soup stock is monosodium glutamate (MSG), and patents a process for manufacturing it.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1909 \u2013 Louis Bl\u00e9riot makes the first flight across the English Channel in a heavier-than-air machine from (Calais to Dover, England, United Kingdom) in 37 minutes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1915 \u2013 RFC Captain Lanoe Hawker becomes the first British military aviator to earn the Victoria Cross, for defeating three German two-seat observation aircraft in one day, over the Western Front.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1917 \u2013 Sir Robert Borden introduces the first income tax in Canada as a \u201ctemporary\u201d measure (lowest bracket is 4% and highest is 25%).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1920 \u2013 Telecommunications: the first transatlantic two-way radio broadcast takes place.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1920 \u2013 France captures Damascus.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1925 \u2013 Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union (TASS) is established.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1934 \u2013 The Nazis assassinate Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss in a failed coup attempt.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1940 \u2013 General Henri Guisan orders the Swiss Army to resist German invasion and makes surrender illegal.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1942 \u2013 Norwegian Manifesto calls for nonviolent resistance to the Nazis.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1943 \u2013 World War II: Benito Mussolini is forced out of office by his own Italian Grand Council and is replaced by Pietro Badoglio.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1944 \u2013 World War II: Operation Spring \u2013 one of the bloodiest days for the First Canadian Army during the war: 1,500 casualties, including 500 killed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1946 \u2013 Operation Crossroads: an atomic bomb is detonated underwater in the lagoon of Bikini Atoll.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1946 \u2013 At Club 500 in Atlantic City, New Jersey, Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis stage their first show as a comedy team.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1952 \u2013 The U.S. non-incorporated territory of Puerto Rico adopts a constitution.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1956 \u2013 45 miles south of Nantucket Island, the Italian ocean liner SS Andrea Doria collides with the MS Stockholm in heavy fog and sinks the next day, killing 51.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1957 \u2013 The Republic of Tunisia is proclaimed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1958 \u2013 The African Regroupment Party (PRA) holds its first congress in Cotonou.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1959 \u2013 SR.N1 hovercraft crosses the English Channel from Calais, France to Dover, England in just over 2 hours.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1961 \u2013 In a speech John F. Kennedy emphasizes that any attack on Berlin is an attack on NATO.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1965 \u2013 Bob Dylan goes electric as he plugs in at the Newport Folk Festival, signaling a major change in folk and rock music.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1969 \u2013 Vietnam War: U.S. President Richard Nixon declares the Nixon Doctrine, stating that the United States now expects its Asian allies to take care of their own military defense. This is the start of the \u201cVietnamization\u201d of the war.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1973 \u2013 Soviet Mars 5 space probe launched.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1976 \u2013 Viking program: Viking 1 takes the famous Face on Mars photo.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1978 \u2013 Puerto Rico police assassinate two nationalists in the Cerro Maravilla murders.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1978 \u2013 Louise Brown, the world\u2019s first \u201ctest tube baby\u201d is born.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1979 \u2013 Another section of the Sinai Peninsula is peacefully returned by Israel to Egypt.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1983 \u2013 Black July: 37 Tamil political prisoners at the Welikada high security prison in Colombo are massacred by the fellow Sinhalese prisoners.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1984 \u2013 Salyut 7 cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya becomes the first woman to perform a space walk.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1993 \u2013 Israel launches a massive attack against Lebanon in what the Israelis call Operation Accountability, and the Lebanese call Seven-Day War.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1993 \u2013 The Saint James Church massacre occurs in Kenilworth, Cape Town, South Africa.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1994 \u2013 Israel and Jordan sign the Washington Declaration, which formally ends the state of war that had existed between the nations since 1948.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1995 \u2013 A gas bottle explodes in Saint Michel station of line B of the RER (Paris regional train network). Eight are killed and 80 wounded.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1996 \u2013 In a military coup in Burundi, Pierre Buyoya deposes Sylvestre Ntibantunganya.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2000 \u2013 Air France Flight 4590, a Concorde supersonic passenger jet, F-BTSC, crashes just after takeoff from Paris killing all 109 aboard and 4 on the ground.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2007 \u2013 Pratibha Patil was sworn in as India\u2019s first female president.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2010 \u2013 WikiLeaks publishes classified documents about the War in Afghanistan, one of the largest leaks in U.S. military history.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><strong>Births<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1016 \u2013 Casimir I the Restorer, Polish Duke (d. 1058)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1336 \u2013 Albert I, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1404)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1404 \u2013 Philip I, Duke of Brabant (d. 1430)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1421 \u2013 Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland, English politician (d. 1461)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1562 \u2013 Kat\u014d Kiyomasa, Japanese warlord (d. 1611)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1654 \u2013 Agostino Steffani, Italian diplomat and composer (d. 1728)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1657 \u2013 Philipp Heinrich Erlebach, German composer (d. 1714)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1658 \u2013 Archibald Campbell, 1st Duke of Argyll (d. 1703)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1683 \u2013 Pieter Langendijk, Dutch dramatist and poet (d. 1756)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1711 \u2013 Lorenz Christoph Mizler, German physician, mathematician, and writer (d. 1778)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1750 \u2013 Henry Knox, American general (d. 1806)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1753 \u2013 Santiago de Liniers, 1st Count of Buenos Aires, French navy officer (d. 1810)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1797 \u2013 Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel (d. 1889)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1799 \u2013 David Douglas, Scottish botanist (d. 1834)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1832 \u2013 Augustus Clifford, English navy officer (d. 1877)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1839 \u2013 Francis Garnier, French explorer (d. 1873)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1844 \u2013 Thomas Eakins, American artist (d. 1916)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1848 \u2013 Arthur Balfour, English politician, 33rd Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1930)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1860 \u2013 Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia (d. 1917)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1867 \u2013 Max Dauthendey, German writer (d. 1918)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1867 \u2013 Alexander Rummler, American painter (d. 1959)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1870 \u2013 Maxfield Parrish, American illustrator (d. 1966)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1875 \u2013 Jim Corbett, Indian hunter, conservationist, and author (d. 1955)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1882 \u2013 George S. Rentz, American navy Chaplain, recipient of the Navy Cross (d. 1942)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1883 \u2013 Alfredo Casella, Italian composer (d. 1947)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1886 \u2013 Bror von Blixen-Finecke, Swedish hunter and writer (d. 1946)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1894 \u2013 Walter Brennan, American actor (d. 1974)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1894 \u2013 Gavrilo Princip, Serbian assassin of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria (d. 1918)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1895 \u2013 Yvonne Printemps, French actress and singer (d. 1977)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1895 \u2013 Ingeborg Spangsfeldt, Danish actress (d. 1968)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1896 \u2013 Jack Perrin, American actor (d. 1967)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1901 \u2013 Ruth Krauss, American author (d. 1993)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1901 \u2013 Lila Lee, American actress (d. 1973)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1902 \u2013 Eric Hoffer, American philosopher (d. 1983)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1905 \u2013 Elias Canetti, Bulgarian writer, Nobel Prize Laureate (d. 1994)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1905 \u2013 Denys Watkins-Pitchford, English writer and illustrator (d. 1990)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1907 \u2013 Johnny Hodges, American saxophonist (d. 1970)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1908 \u2013 Bill Bowes, English cricketer (d. 1987)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1908 \u2013 Jack Gilford, American actor (d. 1990)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1908 \u2013 Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer, Indian singer (d. 2003)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1914 \u2013 Woody Strode, American actor and athlete (d. 1994)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1915 \u2013 Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr., American lieutenant and pilot (d. 1944)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1916 \u2013 Lucien Saulnier, Canadian politician (d. 1989)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1917 \u2013 Whipper Billy Watson, Canadian wrestler (d. 1990)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1918 \u2013 Jane Frank, American artist (d. 1986)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1920 \u2013 Jean Carmet, French actor (d. 1994)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1920 \u2013 Rosalind Franklin, English scientist (d. 1958)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1921 \u2013 Lionel Terray, French mountaineer (d. 1965)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1923 \u2013 Estelle Getty, American actress (d. 2008)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1923 \u2013 Maria Gripe, Swedish writer (d. 2007)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1924 \u2013 Frank Church, American politician (d. 1984)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1924 \u2013 Scotch Taylor, South African cricketer (d. 2004)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1925 \u2013 Benny Benjamin, American drummer (The Funk Brothers) (d. 1969)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1925 \u2013 Jerry Paris, American actor (d. 1986)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1926 \u2013 Whitey Lockman, American baseball player(d. 2009)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1927 \u2013 Daniel Ceccaldi, French actor (d. 2003)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1927 \u2013 Midge Decter, American journalist and author<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1927 \u2013 Sadiq Hussain Qureshi, Pakistani politician (d. 2000)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1927 \u2013 Jean-Marie Seroney, Kenyan politician (d. 1982)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1928 \u2013 Dolphy, Filipino comedian and actor (d. 2012)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1928 \u2013 Mario Montenegro, Filipino actor (d. 1988)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1928 \u2013 Nils Taube, Estonian-English businessman (d. 2008)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1929 \u2013 Somnath Chatterjee, Indian politician<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1929 \u2013 Eddie Mazur, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1995)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1930 \u2013 Murray Chapple, New Zealand cricketer (d. 1985)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1930 \u2013 Maureen Forrester, Canadian singer (d. 2010)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1930 \u2013 Alice Parizeau, Polish-Canadian writer (d. 1990)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1930 \u2013 Annie Ross, English singer and actress (Lambert, Hendricks &amp; Ross)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1932 \u2013 Paul J. Weitz, American pilot and astronaut<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1934 \u2013 Don Ellis, American trumpet player and composer (d. 1978)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1934 \u2013 Claude Zidi, French director and screenwriter<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1935 \u2013 Barbara Harris, American actress<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1935 \u2013 Adnan Khashoggi, Saudi Arabian arms-dealer and businessman<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1935 \u2013 John Robinson, American football coach<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1935 \u2013 Larry Sherry, American baseball player (d. 2006)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1935 \u2013 Lars Werner, Swedish politician<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1936 \u2013 Gerry Ashmore, English race car driver<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1936 \u2013 Glenn Murcutt, English-Australian architect<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1937 \u2013 Colin Renfrew, Baron Renfrew of Kaimsthorn, English archeologist<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1941 \u2013 Manny Charlton, Spanish-Scottish guitarist (Nazareth and Manny Charlton Band)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1941 \u2013 Peter Suschitzky, Polish-English cinematographer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1941 \u2013 Nate Thurmond, American basketball player<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1941 \u2013 Emmett Till, American murder victim (d. 1955)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1942 \u2013 Bruce Woodley, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Seekers)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1943 \u2013 Jim McCarty, English singer and musician (The Yardbirds, Renaissance, and Illusion)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1943 \u2013 Erika Steinbach, German politician<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1945 \u2013 Donna Theodore, American actress and singer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1946 \u2013 Jos\u00e9 Areas, Nicaraguan musician (Santana)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1946 \u2013 John Gibson, American radio host<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1946 \u2013 Rita Marley, Cuban-Jamaican singer (I Threes)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1948 \u2013 Steve Goodman, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1984)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1950 \u2013 Mark Clarke, English singer-songwriter and bass player (Colosseum, Natural Gas, and Uriah Heep)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1951 \u2013 Jack Thompson, American lawyer and activist<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1951 \u2013 Verdine White, American bass player and producer (Earth, Wind &amp; Fire)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1952 \u2013 Eduardo Souto de Moura, Portuguese architect<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1953 \u2013 Robert Zoellick, American politician<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1954 \u2013 Lynne Frederick, English actress (d. 1994)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1954 \u2013 Ken Greer, Canadian musician and producer (Red Rider)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1954 \u2013 Walter Payton, American football player (d. 1999)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1954 \u2013 Jochem Ziegert, German footballer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1955 \u2013 Iman], Somali model and actress<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1955 \u2013 Randall Bewley, American guitarist and songwriter (Pylon) (d. 2009)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1955 \u2013 Kike Elomaa, Finnish bodybuilder<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1955 \u2013 Tom McCamus, Canadian actor<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1956 \u2013 Anthony Bourdain, American chef and author<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1957 \u2013 Steve Podborski, Canadian skier<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1958 \u2013 Alexei Filippenko, American astrophysicist and educator<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1958 \u2013 Thurston Moore, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Sonic Youth, Ciccone Youth, The Coachmen, and Dim Stars)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1959 \u2013 Anatoly Onoprienko, Ukrainian serial Killer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1960 \u2013 Alain Robidoux, Canadian snooker player<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1961 \u2013 Bobbie Eakes, American actress<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1961 \u2013 Katherine Kelly Lang, American actress<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1961 \u2013 Hugo Teufel III, American lawyer and politician, 2nd Chief Privacy Officer, Department of Homeland Security<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1962 \u2013 Doug Drabek, American baseball player<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1963 \u2013 Denis Coderre, Canadian politician<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1963 \u2013 Julian Hodgson, English chess player<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1964 \u2013 Breuk Iversen, American designer and writer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1965 \u2013 Marty Brown, American singer-songwriter and guitarist<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1965 \u2013 Illeana Douglas, American actress<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1966 \u2013 Maureen Herman, American bass player (Babes in Toyland)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1966 \u2013 Lynda Lemay, Canadian singer-songwriter<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1966 \u2013 Christine Quinn, American politician<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1967 \u2013 Matt LeBlanc, American actor<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1967 \u2013 Wendy Raquel Robinson, American actress<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1967 \u2013 Tommy Skjerven, Norwegian football referee<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1968 \u2013 Rudi Bryson, South African cricketer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1968 \u2013 Shi Tao, Chinese journalist<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1969 \u2013 Jon Barry, American basketball player<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1971 \u2013 Chlo\u00eb Annett, English actress<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1971 \u2013 Roger Creager, American singer-songwriter<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1971 \u2013 Tracy Murray, American basketball player<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1971 \u2013 Billy Wagner, American baseball player<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1973 \u2013 David Denman, American actor<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1973 \u2013 Dani Filth, English singer-songwriter, actor, and author (Cradle of Filth)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1973 \u2013 Hu Jia, Chinese activist and dissident<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1973 \u2013 Mur Lafferty, American pod-caster and writer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1973 \u2013 Kevin Phillips, English footballer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1973 \u2013 Michael C. Williams, American actor<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1974 \u2013 Jay R. Ferguson, American actor<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1974 \u2013 Kenzo Suzuki, Japanese wrestler<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1975 \u2013 Jody Craddock, English footballer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1975 \u2013 Jean-Claude Darcheville, French footballer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1976 \u2013 Tera Patrick, American porn actress<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1976 \u2013 Jovica Tasevski-Eternijan, Macedonian poet<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1976 \u2013 Javier V\u00e1zquez, Puerto Rican baseball player<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1977 \u2013 Ahmad Batebi, Iranian activist<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1977 \u2013 Kenny Thomas, American basketball player<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1978 \u2013 Louise Brown, English test tube baby<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1978 \u2013 Gerard Warren, American football player<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1979 \u2013 Amy Adams, American singer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1979 \u2013 Ali Carter, English snooker player<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1980 \u2013 Shawn Riggans, American baseball player<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1980 \u2013 Toni Vilander, Finnish race car driver<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1980 \u2013 Scott Waldrom, New Zealand rugby player<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1981 \u2013 Conor Casey, American soccer player<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1981 \u2013 Constantinos Charalambidis, Greek-Cypriot footballer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1981 \u2013 Mac Lethal, American rapper and producer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1981 \u2013 Jani Rita, Finnish ice hockey player<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1982 \u2013 Brad Renfro, American actor (d. 2008)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1982 \u2013 Monde Zondeki, South African cricketer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1983 \u2013 Nenad Krsti\u0107, Serbian basketball player<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1984 \u2013 Loukas Mavrokefalidis, Greek basketball player<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1985 \u2013 Kitty Brucknell, English singer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1985 \u2013 James Lafferty, American actor<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1985 \u2013 Jasmine Lennard, English model<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1985 \u2013 Nelson Piquet, Jr., Brazilian race car driver<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1985 \u2013 Hugo Rodallega, Colombian footballer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1986 \u2013 Hulk, Brazilian footballer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1986 \u2013 Abraham Gneki Gui\u00e9, Ivorian footballer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1986 \u2013 Barbara Meier, German model<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1986 \u2013 Ahtyba Rubin, American football player<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1987 \u2013 Michael Welch, American actor<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1988 \u2013 Sarah Geronimo, Filipino singer and actress<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1988 \u2013 Heather Marks, Canadian model<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1988 \u2013 Anthony Stokes, Irish footballer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1989 \u2013 Noel Callahan, Canadian actor<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1990 \u2013 Andi Eigenmann, Filipino actress<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1992 \u2013 Lil Phat, American rapper (d. 2012)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2000 \u2013 Preston Bailey, American actor<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #000000\">Deaths<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">306 \u2013 Constantius Chlorus, Roman Emperor (b. 250)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1409 \u2013 King Martin I of Sicily(b. 1374\/1376)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1471 \u2013 Thomas \u00e0 Kempis, German priest and mystic (b. 1380)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1472 \u2013 Charles of Artois, Count of Eu, French military leader (b. 1394)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1492 \u2013 Pope Innocent VIII (b. 1432)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1572 \u2013 Isaac Luria, Jewish mystic (b. 1534)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1616 \u2013 Andreas Libavius, German physician and chemist (b. 1550)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1643 \u2013 Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull, English statesman (b. 1584)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1676 \u2013 Fran\u00e7ois H\u00e9delin, abb\u00e9 d\u2019Aubignac, French writer (b. 1604)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1681 \u2013 Urian Oakes, English-born President of Harvard University (b. 1631)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1790 \u2013 Johann Bernhard Basedow, German education reformer (b. 1723)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1790 \u2013 William Livingston, Governor of New Jersey (b. 1723)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1791 \u2013 Isaac Low, American Continental Congressman (b. 1735)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1794 \u2013 Andr\u00e9 Ch\u00e9nier, French writer (b. 1762)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1826 \u2013 Kondraty Ryleyev, Russian poet and revolutionary (b. 1795)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1834 \u2013 Samuel Taylor Coleridge, English poet (b. 1772)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1842 \u2013 Dominique Jean Larrey, French surgeon (b. 1766)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1843 \u2013 Charles Macintosh, Scottish chemist and inventor (b. 1766)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1853 \u2013 Joaquin Murrieta, California outlaw (b. 1829)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1861 \u2013 Jonas Furrer, Swiss Federal Councilor (b. 1805)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1865 \u2013 \u201cJames Barry\u201d, military surgeon, first female Briton to become a qualified medical doctor (b. 1789\/1799)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1866 \u2013 Floride Calhoun, Second Lady of the United States (b. 1792)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1887 \u2013 John Taylor, American religious leader (b. 1808)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1934 \u2013 Fran\u00e7ois Coty, French perfume manufacturer (b. 1874)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1934 \u2013 Engelbert Dollfuss, Chancellor of Austria (assassinated) (b. 1892)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1952 \u2013 Herbert Murrill, English composer (b. 1909)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1959 \u2013 Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog, Polish-born Chief Rabbi of Ireland and of Israel (b. 1888)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1962 \u2013 Thibaudeau Rinfret, Canadian jurist and Chief Justice (b. 1879)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1963 \u2013 Ugo Cerletti, Italian neurologist (b. 1877)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1967 \u2013 Konstantinos Parthenis, Greek painter (b. 1878)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1971 \u2013 Leroy Robertson, American composer (b. 1896)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1973 \u2013 Louis St. Laurent, 12th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1882)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1980 \u2013 Vladimir Vysotsky, Russian poet, singer, and actor (b. 1938)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1982 \u2013 Hal Foster, Canadian-American cartoonist (Prince Valiant) (b. 1892)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1984 \u2013 Bryan Hextall, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1913)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1984 \u2013 Big Mama Thornton, American singer (b. 1926)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1986 \u2013 Vincente Minnelli, American film director (b. 1903)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1988 \u2013 Judith Barsi, American actress (b. 1978)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1989 \u2013 Steve Rubell, American night club owner (b. 1943)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1992 \u2013 Alfred Drake, American actor and singer (b. 1914)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1995 \u2013 Charlie Rich, American rock\/soul\/country musician (b. 1932)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1997 \u2013 Ben Hogan, American golfer (b. 1912)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1998 \u2013 Tal Farlow, American jazz guitarist (b. 1921)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">1998 \u2013 Evangelos Papastratos, Greek businessman (b. 1910)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2000 \u2013 Rudi Fa\u00dfnacht, German football manager (b. 1934)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2002 \u2013 Abdel Rahman Badawi, Egyptian existentialist philosopher (b. 1917)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2003 \u2013 Ludwig B\u00f6lkow, German aeronautical engineer (b. 1912)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2003 \u2013 Erik Brann, American musician (Iron Butterfly) (b. 1950)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2003 \u2013 John Schlesinger, British film director (b. 1926)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2004 \u2013 John Passmore, Australian philosopher (b. 1914)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2005 \u2013 Albert Mangelsdorff, German jazz trombonist (b. 1928)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2006 \u2013 Carl Brashear, first African-American U.S Navy Master Diver (b. 1931)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2006 \u2013 Ezra Fleischer, Romanian dissident, later Israeli writer (b. 1928)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2007 \u2013 Bernd Jakubowski, German goalkeeper (b. 1952)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2007 \u2013 Jesse Marunde, American strongman competitor (b. 1979)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2008 \u2013 Randy Pausch, American professor of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University, known for his \u201cLast Lecture\u201d (b. 1960)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2008 \u2013 Tracy Hall, American inventor (b. 1919)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2008 \u2013 Jeff Fehring, Australian rules footballer (b. 1955)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2009 \u2013 Harry Patch, British supercentenarian and World War I veteran (b. 1898)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2009 \u2013 Vernon Forrest, Professional boxer, 2-division world champion (b. 1971)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2009 \u2013 Alexis Cohen, American Idol contestant (unsuccessful), viral phenomenon (b. 1984)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2009 \u2013 Yasmin Ahmad, Malaysian film director, writer and scriptwriter (b. 1958)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2010 \u2013 Redford White, Filipino comedian (b. 1955)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">2011 \u2013 Mihalis Kakogiannis, Cypriot filmmaker (b. 1922)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><strong>Holidays and Observances<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">Christian Feast Day:<\/span><\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">Anne (Eastern Christianity)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">Christopher (Western Christianity)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">Cucuphas<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">James the Great (Western Christianity)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">Julian of Le Mans (translation)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">July 25 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">Commonwealth Constitution Day, formerly Occupation Day. (Puerto Rico)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">Ebernoe Horn Fair (Sussex, southern England)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">Furrinalia (Roman Empire)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">Guanacaste Day (Costa Rica)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">Inca festival in honor of the thunder god Ilyap\u2019a<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">National Day of Galicia (Galicia)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">Republic Day (Tunisia)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>July 25 is the 206th day of the year (207th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 159 days remaining until the end of the year. Events 285 \u2013 Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler. 306 \u2013 Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops. 315 \u2013 The Arch of Constantine is [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":695,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,22],"tags":[5,6,25,7,8,27,9,10,154,11,12,13,254,14,15],"class_list":["post-106","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ephemerides","category-one-day-like-this","tag-acontecimientos","tag-biografia","tag-births","tag-blog","tag-celebraciones","tag-deaths","tag-efemerides","tag-ephemerides","tag-events","tag-fallecimientos","tag-future","tag-historia","tag-holidays","tag-information","tag-julio"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/empowernetwork.com\/rogako\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/empowernetwork.com\/rogako\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/empowernetwork.com\/rogako\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/empowernetwork.com\/rogako\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/695"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/empowernetwork.com\/rogako\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=106"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/empowernetwork.com\/rogako\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/empowernetwork.com\/rogako\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=106"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/empowernetwork.com\/rogako\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=106"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/empowernetwork.com\/rogako\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=106"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}